I'm getting pretty ridiculous kwh usage in my new apartment. For December(partial month), January, and February, my usage was 259, 1468(D:), and 944 respectively. Adjusted for days in the period, it was 16, 43, and 34.
This is an old and much lower rent complex, so I expect some differences from my last place, however the square footage is comparable, and my AC habits are the same. At the last place I had a programmable thermostat, but I didn't use the programming, and I just set the temp lower when I'd leave. So I would consider the age of the apartment and its upkeep to be the only significant difference. Well my usage for these three months at the last place was 14.5, 20, and 17 per day.
Is there really anything I can do about the structural efficiency of the apartment? I don't know how I could fix air leakage through windows/doors. How would I go about testing that anyway? I actually think my front door is a very likely culprit since it doesn't shut firmly.
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So, yes, integrity and non energy star appliances can eat a ton of juice.
You can usually feel the cold drafts in doorways with your hand, or you could try waiting until dark and having someone shine a flashlight at the cracks, to see where it gets through.
Edit: Though if you know you have a leak some weatherstripping round the problem area can help a lot. It did for us around the front and side doors.
Is there some way I could check leakage by releasing some sort of smoke and watching its flow? Flashlights won't help for my patio doors and windows.
Beyond that, I assume I have no way of tracking specific use by appliances etc unless the complex installed smart readers?
When you say that you can't do flashlights on your patios and windows, I assume that because of the glass? Get a small flashlight and hold it right against the cracks so the only place the light can go is through the crack. Also, if you've got a lot more glass windows/doors in this place, that's going to be a huge source of heat exchange - get yourself some heavy curtains.
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Check this out:
http://www.howcast.com/videos/87584-How-To-Insulate-Your-Windows-With-Plastic
These days, I don't have need for electric or gas heating, but I use big, thick curtains on the windows, which seem to keep it warmer in the bedroom. I also hung some fabric from jo-ann's or somesuch on the walls, partly with the intention of providing a little extra insulation, castle-style. You could also try placing a towel at the foot of your door or wherever you think heat could escape.
I just looked up the temperature for Austin today, and wow, I really had no idea it got that cold there.
A programmable thermostat can pay for itself in a month. In addition to kicking off the heat/cooling when you're away, you can program it to kick off when you're asleep (and use blankets/fans when appropriate of course).